DISCUSSION OF THE EFFECTS OF RECESSION ON THE RURAL-FARM ECONOMY

Community/Rural/Urban Development,

Caring for traumatised looked-after children: the costs and gains of caring

Research has evidenced variously the impact on those caring for traumatised people, such as wives of distressed police officers, partners of war veterans and trauma counsellors. However, there is a lack of research exploring the impact on foster parents (FPs) caring for traumatised looked-after children (LAC). This study aimed to explore FPs’ experiences of caring for traumatised LAC, including their understanding of the impact the trauma has on the young person and on themselves and their biological family. Eleven FPs were interviewed to elicit their personal experiences of caring for traumatised LAC and its impact on them, the young people and the FPs’ families. Transcripts were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Six master-themes emerged from the data: emotional impact on foster parents, cognitive impact on foster parents, impact from the wider fostering system, impact on foster parents’ family and friends, foster parent coping and perceived understanding of the impact of trauma on LAC. These themes were linked to previous research and existing theoretical constructs, such as secondary trauma (ST), vicarious trauma (VT) and compassion satisfaction. Whilst all related experiences within each of the themes, participants differed between which themes dominated. FPs experience a variety of complex negative impacts from caring for traumatised LAC, that warrants further investigation and development of screening tools to measure potential ST/VT symptoms. However, several FPs reported a wealth of positive experiences from their role, which may or may not counteract these symptoms

Quantization Noise Shaping for Information Maximizing ADCs

ADCs sit at the interface of the analog and digital worlds and fundamentally determine what information is available in the digital domain for processing. This paper shows that a configurable ADC can be designed for signals with non constant information as a function of frequency such that within a fixed power budget the ADC maximizes the information in the converted signal by frequency shaping the quantization noise. Quantization noise shaping can be realized via loop filter design for a single channel delta sigma ADC and extended to common time and frequency interleaved multi channel structures. Results are presented for example wireline and wireless style channels.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figure

FUEL-INSULATION TRADEOFFS FOR ARKANSAS BROILER HOUSES

Livestock Production/Industries,

Studies of Complex Formation in the System Chromium(III) - Phosphoric Acid.

The aim of the work described in this thesis has been to further the existing knowledge of the chromium (lll) - phosphoric acid system in aqueous media. Because of the length of time required for the system to attain equilibrium at room temperature, the majority of the solutions investigated were aged at 70°C. Methods for deciding whether equilibrium had in fact been reached were determined. At 70°C, a phase diagram study of the system Cr[2]O[3]-P[2]O[5]-H[2]O gave a series of parallel tie-lines and no compound could be isolated as such, A preliminary investigation into the nature of the solid material indicated that it behaved as an ion exchanger. Possible structures have been put forward. The results of ion-exchange studies carried out on both saturated and unsaturated solutions of the system indicated the existence of polynuclear species. The batch studies using cation exchange resins of varying degrees of cross-linking show that there is a marked 'sieving out' effect where the cross-linking is heavy. From the chromatographic separations employing the technique of gradient elution the PO[4] : Cr ratio of a number of these complexes have been evaluated. Probable structures have been allocated to these 7 complexes. Modes of formation have also been discussed. The structure of the cationic complexes existing in solution and the nature of the solid phase in contact with a saturated solution are discussed in terms of a concept of "-olation" which is held to be capable of extension

Regional differences in business ethics in the People's Republic of China: A multi-dimensional approach to the effects of modernisation

This paper investigates the influence of modernisation on the moral judgements of 211 managers in the People's Republic of China, based on their responses to a series of vignettes depicting potentially unethical behaviour in organisations. Since modernisation can take many forms, this paper takes a multi dimensional approach to examining levels of modernisation in different provinces in China. Three different measures are used, believed to represent different aspects of the modernisation process. These include the level of industrialisation of various provinces, the level of marketisation, or progress toward a market-based economy, and a new measure of Westernisation, or the extent to which individuals adopt aspects of Western lifestyle and materialism. This latter measure is developed and tested in the present study. Statistically significant associations between these three measures of modernisation and managers' moral judgements were observed and the implications of these findings are discussed. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

An approach to metal fatigue

Cumulative fatigue damage based on investigation of fatigue limit associated with crack, crack propagation rate, and stress interaction cycle in metal

Evaluation of nebulised hypertonic saline (7%) as an adjunct to physiotherapy in patients with stable bronchiectasis

AbstractSputum clearance is of prime importance in the management of patients with bronchiectasis. While nebulised normal isotonic saline (0.9%) (IS) has been anecdotally used to treat patients with tenacious sputum, the use of hypertonic saline (7%) (HS) could have potential muco-protective and clearance properties.24 patients with bronchiectasis were randomised to receive four single treatment schedules in random order: (1) active cycle breathing technique (ACBT) alone, (2) nebulised terbutaline then ACBT, (3) nebulised terbutaline, nebulised IS then ACBT and (4) nebulised terbutaline, nebulised HS then ACBT.Sputum weights were significantly higher after HS than IS (P=0.002). Ease of expectoration also differed overall (P=<0.0001) and was significantly lower with HS than with IS (P=0.0005). Sputum viscosity differed between treatment phases, with a significant linear trend to reduced sputum viscosity with HS (P=0.0002). These changes were associated with small but statistically significant differences in FEV1 (P=0.043) and FVC (P=0.011) between treatment phases.Nebulised hypertonic saline can be used safely and effectively as an adjunct to physiotherapy in selected patients. A long-term prospective trial is now indicated to determine its effectiveness on long-term infection rate, quality of life and lung function